8.aug, auct, auth
[L]=to increase增加
读者可能想不到August（八月），auction（拍卖）和author（作者）居然是同根词吧！它们分别来自拉丁动词aguere、它的过去分词auctus及其变体auth，其基本意思都是to increase（增加）或to cause to grow（使产生，使增大）。
august [aug=to increase使增大；-ust a.=the most最→“to increase to the most增到最大”→“the greatest最伟大的”→]Ⅰa. majestic威严的：august palaces威严的王宫→Ⅱ（大写August）n.① 奥古斯特（即古罗马Augustus凯撒大帝，他自认为是最伟大的帝王）② 八月（奥古斯特大帝以自己的名字命名八月份）
augment [aug=to increase增加；-ment v.→] v.① make greater or enlarge增加，扩大：to augment the power扩大权力② become greater增加，增大：The sound of traffic augments during the rush hour.高峰时间交通噪音会增大。
▽augmentative [augment;-ative a.] a.有扩大（增加）作用的
auction [auct=to cause to grow使增加；-ion n.=the act表行为→“the act of causing the price to grow使价格上升的行为”→]Ⅰn. sale in which goods are sold to the person offering the most money拍卖：to sell the old furniture by auction拍卖旧家具→Ⅱv. sell by auction拍卖：When the artist died, his family auctioned his paintings.艺术家去世后，家人把他的画拍卖了。
▽auctioneer [auction v.-eer n.] n.拍卖商
author [auth（auct）=to cause to grow 使成长；-or n.=person 人→“person who causes anything to grow使事物产生者”→] n.① person who begins or creates发起人，创始者：the author of the new plan新计划的倡议者② writer著作者，作家：His favorite author is Dickens.他最喜欢的作家是狄更斯。
▽authorless [author;-less a.] a.作者不明的；隐名的
auctorial [auctor=author作者；-i-;-al a.=of……的→] a. of or having to do with an author作者的：auctorial comments作者说明
authority [author n. 创始者；-ity n.=the quality表特性→“the quality of an author创始者的特性”→] n.① the power or right to control or make decisions 权力，权威：Rulers have no authority from God to do mischief.上帝并没有给统治者制造祸害的权力。② person(s) having authority当权者：higher authority上级领导
authorize [author n.创始者（→power权力）；-ize v.=to cause to have使有→“to cause to have power使有权力”→] v. give power to授权：The president authorized his ambassador to sign the treaty.总统授权大使签订该条约。
▽authorization [authoriz(e);-ation n.] n.授权，委托
练习8：
- [由此及彼]根据前面单词的含义推测出后面单词的含义。
① authorial a.作者的→authorially ad.
② authorize v.授权→authorized a.
- [同义相连]请将左栏的单词和右栏中相对应的词义连接起来。
① augmentation a.拍卖业
② auctioneering b.官方，当局
③ authorship c.作家职业，著述
④ authorities d.权力主义
⑤ authoritarianism e.扩大，增加
- [寻根问底]指出下列单词的词根并领会其词义的由来。
① authoritarian a.权力主义的，专利的
② authoritative a.权威的；官方的
③ antiauthoritarian a.反权力主义的
antiauthority a.反权威的，反官方的（提示：anti-=against）